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The biosphere is the outermost part of the planet's shell — including air, land, surface rocks, and water — within which life occurs, and which biotic processes in turn alter or transform. From the broadest biophysiological point of view, the biosphere is the global ecological system integrating all living beings and their relationships, including their interaction with the elements of the lithosphere(All the nonliving things that make up the earth(dirt, rocks, etc.)), hydrosphere (The Oceans, rivers, etc.), and atmosphere (Air and its "relatives", hydrogen, CO2, etc). This biosphere is postulated to have evolved, beginning through a process of biogenesis or biopoesis, at least some 3.5 billion years ago.